Drop-hammer



3.811eetS-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

- R. J. GOOD.

DROP HAMMER.

no. 605,544. Patented June 14,1898.

' (No Model.)

\ 3 Sh ets -Shet 2. R. J. GOOD.

DROP HAMMER.

Patented June 14,1898.

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l I I i I g I i E 4 l l y '1'; .1 l I I L t 3 INVENTOR THE NORRIS pzrsns 0o. PHOTOLIYNOH wsumowu. u. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

'(No Model.)

B J GOOD 111w? HAMMERr Patented June 14,1898.

WITNESSES.-

onms PETERS 5a.. PHOTO-LITHO. WASH 7UNITED STATES :P'ATENT Er ca.

ROBERT-J GOOD, OF \VATERTONVN, NEWV YORK, ASSIGNQR TO THE STILES &

FLADD'PRESS COMPANY, OF NEW YORK. I

DROP-HAM'M ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters raaent No. 605,544, ed ans 14, 1898;

' -llpplication fild February 20, l8'7 Serial NB. 624,492. (was i To all whom, it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT J, GOD,'a citi zen of the UnitedlStates, and a resident of the city of Watertown, in the county of Jefferson and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drop-Hammers, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to improvements in drop-hammersyand -it is the purposelof the X0 invention toprovide a simple, efficient, and easily controlled means for operating the hammer.

Since the essential elements of the invention may be embodied in forms of apparatus I 5 showing considerable Variation in other details of construction, I show in the drawings which accompany the specification several modifications, all of which embody said funf damental combination of stationary piston and movable cylinder and arein this respect equivalents of each other.

Referring to the said drawings, Figure l is a front elevation, but with the cylinder and piston in section, of one form of my invention.

2 5 Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same 011 a plane perpendicular to that of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail, on a larger scale, of the lower end of one of the rods which connect the hammer with the cylinder and showing the sleevenut through which said rod works and the spring under said rod,which spring-I term the thrus -cushion. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the base of the stationary piston and showing the ports and valve for con- 3 5 trolling the distribution of the steam. Fig. 5 is a broken front elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Different positions ofthe hammer and the valve-lever are indicated by solid and dotted lines. Fig. 6 is a perspec- 4: tive of'the valve shown in Figs. 2 and 4:. Fig. 7 isa front elevation, partly sectioned, of the preferred modification of the invention wherein the hammer is arranged to be controlled both automatically and by hand.

The piston, cylinder, ports, and valve are substantially the same as in machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a'modification wherein the stationary piston is connected with two tubes and provided with suitable. ports communi- 5o eating with said tubes to distribute the operating fluid alternately to opposite sides of the piston. Said tubes also now form the connecting-rods. 'Fig. 9 is a perspective view, i on large scale,of the stationary pistonand part of the said two tubes. elevation of another form of apparatus wherej in there are several stationary pistons fixed on the anvil and the hammeipis', equipped Fig. 10 is a sectional with corresponding chambers which-work on said pistons. The anvilis provided with ports communicating with said pistons and controlled bya suitable valve. Fig. 11 is an elevation of the right end of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a perspective 'View of the valve. Fig. 13 is a plan of the apparatus, showing the hammer suspended by the interlocking hooks. In this figure the upper hook is adjusted to a different position from that shown in Fig. 1 0. Fig.

14 is an elevation of the hammersuspended from the hook WVT, the standards being broken away. Fig. 15 is a broken vertical section of the link and connected devices which operate the valve in Fig. 8. The section is taken so that the part of the link at the right of the 4 slotisremoved. Fig. 16 is a detail of the interlockinghooks shown in Figs. lO and 14 and just as the hammer is released;

Referring to Figs 1 to 6, inclusive, on guides at of uprights B, which are built up in any suitable manner on the base-block A,

which carries the anvil A works the hammer A. Rods Q Q work through holes in the base of thestationary piston C, which isbolted to the top of said uprights B, and connect hammer A withthesleeve F of the movable cylinder D. Said rods Q Q work at their lowerpart throng-h nuts S, which are threaded into chambers made, in the hammer A. Said G is equipped with an upward extension 0, which is finished to a true cylindricalperiphery and is of a height somewhat greater than the stroke of the cylinder D plus'the height of the sleeve F, and said piston Ois alsopreferably provided with a cylindrical wall r,

forming a cup, as shown. At the base of said piston U is a valve-chamber II, which connects with a port II, that extends the entire height of the said piston C and opens through the top thereof. Said sleeve F has a steam-tight working iit on the said extension 0. The cylinder D, which is preferably made of drawn tubing, works freely over said extension 0, has a closed upper end, and is sweated into or otherwise secured to said sleeve F. Said valve-chamber II is connected with ports I J, which are in turn respectively connected with exhaust and pressure-supply pipes from a boiler or other generator of pressure. In said chamber II works an oscillating cylindrical valve G, provided with a port K of such size and shape as to put said port ll" into communication with either the pressure-port J or the exhaust-port I, according to the position of the valve. Said valve G is held against longitudinal movement by the stufling-box G, through which works the valve-stem Said valve G is operated by the arm L, which is pivotally connected with the connecting-rod M, which works through a guide 1, carried on the hammer A. Adjustable collars N O are engaged by said guide P in the upward and downward movements, respectively, of said hammer, and thus the valve G is operated. By varying the position of said collars N O the stroke of the hammer, and consequently the force of its blow, will be varied as desired.

The operation is as follows: Vhen the hammer A is down, as in Fig. 1, valve G will be in the position of Fig. 4-, putting pressureport J in connection with port II through the piston C. The delivery of steam or other fluid to said port J may be of course independently controlled by a suitable valve in the pressure-supply pipe. Now when the pressure fluid is admitted to port J it passes through valve G to port II and to the cylinder D, raising the same and also the hammer A until guide 1 raises collar N, and thereby oscillates the valve G to put port ll in connection with exhaust-port I. Now the pressure fluid escapes from the cylinder D, which descends along with the hammer at a rate depending on the distance the hammer falls and the degree of the exhaust-opening. Evidently the collar 0 can be adjusted so that the descending hammer will open the valve and form a cushion to resist the descent of the hammer at any desired point above the lower end of the stroke of the hammer. Thus by varying the adjustment of the collars N O the stroke of the hammer and the violence of its blow may be regulated at will.

Referring to Fig. 7, which shows the preferred arrangement for controlling the hammer, the anvil, hammer, piston, ports, and valve are arranged substantially as hereinbcfore described; but the arm L of said valve G in addition to'its pivotal connection with the valve-rod M, which is now preferably curved at the top, is equipped with a spring 0, a weight, or other equivalent device which tends normally to depress said arm I. and open said valve G. Said rod M is provided with the adjustable collar N, extended to the left, as shown, in order to be engaged by the hammer A on its upward motion, and with the collar or block 0, which latter is equipped with a wedge face adapted to be engaged by a corresponding wedge surface (Z of the hammer A. The lower part of said rod M works through the head of a guide g, which works in a stationary box or sleeve 0; and is normally pressed to the left by a spring \V in said sleeve :0. A forked lateral arm. Y of a hand-lever X spans the neck of guide 1 and b en a in a washer t on the same when le- D D O ver Xis depressed draws guide g and rod M to the right until the end of said rod M clears the bracketf, on which the end of said rod was before supported, Fig. 7. The inner end of said lever X is extended suflieiently to come under the rod M when same is moved off the bracket f, and a spring 2" is arranged to normally raise the outer end of lever X, as shown. \Vhen said hammer A is descending, the surface (Z pushes collar 0 and rod M to the right, so that the end of the rod clears bracketf. Now spring 6 depresses arm L and rod M, which descends through ahole in box X until rod M rests on the inner end of lever X. The valve has now opened pressure to cylinder D, and the operator can control the rod M through said lever X, and thus the motion of the hammer A. It is also evident that the operator can control the hammer A entirely by hand independently of the automatic operation, for even if the hammer is in the position of Fig. '7 the operator can depress lever X and draw rod M. off bracket f, catching the end-0t said rod M on said lever X and then manipulating said rod M and valve G as he chooses through the said lever X.

Referring to Figs. 8 and f), the stationary piston O is threaded on the ends of tubes A B", which are threaded at their upper ends into the top block E of the uprights, in which is formed the VfllVC-CllttlllbOlf, as shown in Fig. 8. Said tube A is connected by a port a with the upper side of piston C and said tube 15'" is connected by a port with the lower side of said piston. Ports 0 connect said tubes A B, respectively, with the said valve-chamber, as shown. The hammer A is provided with a cylindrical chamber a", closed at the bottom by the substance of the hammer and at the top by the plate F provided with as many bosses and stuffing-boxes as there are tubes A 1 and said chamber a has a fluidtight working fit on piston C A balanced piston-valve G is arranged in said valveehamber, as shown in Fig. 8. The valve-stem 7L, which works through a stuffing-box in the usual manner, is engaged by the slotted and curved upper end of rod MT. Said rod M works through block pivoted on one arm of bent lever L". I prefer to connect the lower end of rod M" with an oscillating rod or lever m in'this mannerinsuring all needed freedom of lateral motion to the upper slotted end of said rod, and the end of valve-stem h may of course carry a roller, which engages in the slot of said rod M to diminish friction. N O are adjustable collars on rod M and adapted to be engaged by the hammer A or astud a thereon in its upward and downward moveand throw valve G to the position of Fig. 8.

' When hammer A is down, Fig. 8, valve G3 is in position to admit steam to above piston 0 and the chamber or cylinder a is connect ed with the exhaust 19 Therefore the haminer rises. In rising studa lifts rod M shifting valve G to the left, connecting the under side of piston C with the pressure and the upper side With the exhaust and causing the hammer to descend. In descending stud a depresses rod M and shifts valve G back to' the original position. The operator can also control the hammer A by the hand-lever X" or treadle Z. Forexample, supposing the hammer A to have risen, but the valve to be in the position of Fig. 8, by depressing the left end of treadle Zor by-raising lever X the operator will oscillate bent lever L so as to shift the upper part of rod M to the left, thereby correspondinglyshiftin g valve (l to the left and admitting steam to chamber a below piston C and causing the hammer to descend. The operator can also utilize the lever X or treadle Z to arrest the hammer at any point.

Referring to Fig. 10, any desired number of vertical hollow cylindrical columns A constituting stationary pistons, are secured on the anvil A. The bore of each of these pistons A is connected with a channel B formed in said anvil, and these channels join and communicate with the valve-chamber H as shown. The valve G is a reciprocating balanced piston-valve, as shown. In practice'I prefer to employ two stationary pistons arranged, as shown in Figs; 10 and 11, within the cylinder-like portions of the uprights A The hammer A is provided with cylindrical chambers D closed at the top and fitting over the pistons A Stuffing-boxes d at the lower ends of said cylinders D make a tight working fit on the said pistons. The valve-stem g is pivotally connected at the top with a lever g and that in turn with a rod M which carries adjustable collars N 0 operated by the projection P on the said hammer A". A is a hook on said hammer A arranged to engage a movable hook which is pivoted at the lower end of an adj ustable hanger I prefer to form the hangers of two parallel bars, said hook W being pivoted between them, as shown. Nu-

merous holesare made through said bars, as shown, and there are corresponding holes in the top plates A of the standards. The hanger is situatedbetween the plates A 9 and is fixed at any desired height by passing pins or bolts through corresponding holes in the top plates and hanger. Said hook W is formed with avertical arm 1.0 which is positioned to be engaged by a cam V, which is fixed on the pivot-pin, on which is also fixed the lever V and also with a horizontal arm 10 which is connected with a backward extension of said cam V by a spring 10 as shown. The free end of lever V is connected by rod '0 with the treadle Z and the upper part of said rod V is provided with numerous holes to permit of altering its connection with lever V to suit the adjustment of the hanger W In the position of Fig; 10 the pressure fluid entering the valve from pipe P passes into the cylinders D and raises the hammer A the valve G so as to shut off pressure from the cylinders D and open them to the exhaust. The hammer now falls a little until its hook A engages on hook V Now the hammer A remains suspended until the.

operator releases it by depressing the treadle When said treadle is depressed, lever V is also depressed, turning cam V to the position of Fig. 16, wherein the working faceof said cam pushes arm 10 of hook W to the right, thereby withdrawing said hook from hook A and allowing the hammer to fall. As the hammer falls projection P engages sleeve 0", and thereby restores valve G5 to the position of Fig. 10.

Now, having described my improvements, I claim as,my invention 1.- The combination in drop-hammer apparatus, of a movable cylinder, a hammer operatively connected therewith, a stationary piston provided with a steam-passage delivering into the cylinder, a chamber communicating with the said steam-passage, a three-way valve in said chamber controlling the move- "ment of steam through said passage, and devices on said hammer adapted to throw said Valve, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a movable cylinder constructed of tubing with a spherical end and a stationary ported piston therein, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a stationary ported piston, a Valve controlling the distribution of the operating fluid through said piston, a cylinder adapted .to work on said piston, a hammer operatively connected with said cylinder, a valve-operating rod, and adjustable collars thereon adapted to be actuated by the hammer, substantially as described. y

cylinder consisting of a closed-end tube, a

stufling-box sleeve on the open end of said tube and provided with bosses,ahammer, and rods connecting said hammer with said stuffing-box sleeve and said rods being threaded at one end and headed at the other end, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of the type described, of a movable cylinder, ahannner, rods connecting the hammer with the cylinder, chambers in the hammer in which the ends of said rods work, and thrustcnshions in said chambers, substantially as described.

(3. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a hammer, a wedge surface thereon, a valve controlling the movement of the hammer, a valve-operating rod, a stationary support for said rod, adjustable collars on said rod and at least one of said collars having a wedge surface adapted to be engaged by the wedge surface on thehammer, whereby the rod is pushed off the support, substantially as and for the purpose described.

'7. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a hammer, a wedge surface thereon, a valve controlling the movement of the hammer, a valve-operating rod, a stationary support for said rod, adjustable collars on said rod at least one of which has a wedge surface adapted to be engaged by the wedge surface on the hammer for pushing the rod off the support, a lever controlled by the operator and adapted to receive and support said rod, whereby the operator may control the valve independently of its operation by the movement of the hammer, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a hammer, a trigger device for sustaining the hammer, means controlled by the operator for throwing the trigger device to release the hammer, and a spring tending to throw the said trigger device in the opposite direction to that of release, substantially as described.

9. The combination in a drop-hammer apparatus, of a hammer, a hook thereon, a vertically-zuljustable movable hook, a spring adapted to press the movable hook into e11- gagement with the hook on the hammer, and devices controlled by the operator for releasing the movable hook from the hook on the hammer, substantially described.

10. The combination in drop-hammer apparatus, of a hammer, ahook thereon, a movable hook adapted to engage with the hook on the hammer, a cam for releasing the movable hook, a spring for moving the movable hook in the direction opposite to that of release, and devices controlled by the operator for moving the cam so as to release the movable hook, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 1st day of February, 1897.

ROB". J. GOOD.

\Vitnesses:

.T. O. McCoInnoK, II. E. IIAmmN. 

